This article seeks to answer the question “Which Turks received the Metropolitan appointed by Timothy?” by systematically examining the different Turkic groups living in Central Asia at the time. Textual and archaeological evidence is considered in support of the conclusion and the various motives and external factors that may have played a role in the conversion are discussed.

https://www.academia.edu/436102/Patriarch_Timothy_I_and_the_Metropolitan_of_the_Turks

This paper by Mark Dickens was published in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 20, 2010